Kush/Nubia

Rulers of Egypt's 25th Dynasty
& Ancient Nubia
Anu Race: First Inhabitants of Egypt
2007 Note: Swiss archaeologists, Professor Charles Bonnet and Dr. Matthieu Honegger – have been revealing a royal palace, temples, extraordinary tombs and a massive ancient city on the banks of the Nile in Northern Sudan. Kerma’s civilization emerged out of an ancient pastoral culture that had flourished in that part of Sudan since at least 7500 BC when the first settlements were established. [website]
Chronology of Kerma -- according to archaeologist Charles Bonnet
A-Group 3800-3100 BC Cemetery L at Qustul, Nubia

Nubian Royal Statue Head Found
Kushite Statue, Old Kingdom, Sixth Dynasty, 2300 B.C.
King Awawa (2000-1850 BC)
Awawa (or Awa’a) is the earliest Nubian king we know by name. He was a powerful Nubian king ruling at Kerma.
King Nedjeh (1650-1550 BC)
Towards the end of the 13th Dynasty Egypt underwent great political upheaval and withdrew from Nubia. In the north the Hyksos took control of Lower Egypt. In the south Wawat and the fortresses, including Buhen, were occupied by Kush. Not all Egyptians fled. This stela is from a group of monuments from Buhen belonging to a single family who administered the fortress over several generations under Kushite rule. Some Egyptian soldiers stayed and worked for them. An inscription of one Egyptian soldier states that he served "as a valiant servant, … washing my feet in the waters of Kush, in the company of King Nedjeh."
Huge attack from the south on Elkab and Egypt by the Kingdom of Kush and its allies from the land of Punt, during the 17th dynasty (1575-1525 BC)
[Article]
Alara and Queen Kasaqa (785-760 BC)
Unites Upper Nubia. Founder of Nubian power in the Napatan dynasty.
Beginning of the 25th Dynasty Egypt
King Kashta and Queen Pebatjma (760-747 BC)
Brother of King Alara. Ruler of Napatan Kush and Egypt.
(Begin to conquer Egypt from the Libyan pharaohs, starting the 25th dynasty Kushite domination)
el-Kurru tomb 8
King Piankhy (Piye) and Queen Aqaluqa & Tabiry (747-716 BC)
(Son of Kashta)
Conquers all of Egypt and rules as pharaoh of Egypt until his death. He is portrayed as a ruler who did not glory in the smiting of his adversaries, as did other kings, but rather preferred treaties and alliances. His victories on a stela (called the Victory Stela ("Hear of what I did, more than the ancestors"), now in the Egyptian Museum. In 716 B.C. Piankhy died after a reign of over thirty years. He was buried in an Egyptian style pyramid tomb at el-Kurru, accompanied by a number of horses, which were greatly prized by the Nubians of the Napatan period. Daughters: Shepenupet II and Qalhata.
el-Kurru tomb 17
King Shabaka (Shabaqo) [Great Cat] (716-702 BC)
(Piankhy's brother); wife Queen Qalhata.
His was the Golden Age of the Nubian domination of Egypt. Throughout his reign Shabaka made many additions to Egyptian temples, such as those at Memphis, Abydos and Esna. Shabaka appointed his son, Horemakhet as High Priest of Amun at Thebes, although the real power in the region lay with his sister Amenirdas I, whose mortuary temple and tomb are at Medinet Habu. Pharaoh Shabaka is noted in the Old Testament, Genesis 10:7.
el-Kurru tomb 15
King Shebitqo and Queen Irty (702-690 BC)
Son of Shabaka.
The Rescue of Jerusalem: The Alliance Between Hebrews and Africans in 701 B.C.
el Kurru tomb 18
King Taharqa and Queen Naparaye (690-664 BC)
Son of Piye. Read about The Osirian Temple of Taharqa at Karnak in Egypt
Nuri tomb 1. 2007: Sculpture of King Taharqa Found at Karnak
King Tanwetamani wife Queen Malakaye (664-656 BC)
Nuri tomb 16
Son of Shabaka. Once the Assyrians had appointed Necho I as king and left Egypt, Tanwetamani marched down the Nile from Nubia and reoccupied all of Egypt including Memphis. Necho I, the Assyrians' representative, was killed in Tanwetamani's campaign. He became King of Egypt for 7 years. In reaction, the Assyrians returned to Egypt in force, defeated Tanwetamani's army in the Delta and advanced as far as south as Thebes, which they sacked.
The Assyrian reconquest effectively ended Nubian control over Egypt although Tanwetamani's authority was still recognized in Upper Egypt until his 8th Year in 656 BC when Psamtik I's navy peacefully took control of Thebes and effectively unified all of Egypt.
This is the end of the 25th Dynasty Egypt; withdrew to Nubia; moved their administrative center further south to Napata.
King Atlanersa and Queen Yeturow (653-643 BC)
Taharqa's son. Yeturow sister-wife, daughter of Tanwetamani.
Nuri tomb 20
King Senkamanisken and Queen Nasalsa (643-623 BC)
(father of Aspelta and Anlamani)
Nuri tomb 3
King Anlamani and Queen Madiken (623-593 BC)
Son of Senkamaniskens and Nasalsa.
Nuri tomb 6
King Aspelta and Queen Kheb (593-568 BC)
Nuri tomb 8
King Armantelqo and Queen Amanitakaye (568-555 BC)
King of Upper and Lower Egypt.
Nuri tomb 9
King Malonaqen and Queen Tagtal (555-542 BC)
Nuri tomb 5
King Analmaaye (542-538 BC)
Nuri tomb 18
King Amaniastabarqa (538-519 BC)
Nuri tomb 2
King Siospiqo (?)
Nuri tomb 4
King Nasakhma and Queen Saka-aye (468-463 BC)
Nuri tomb 19
King Talakhamani (435-431 BC)
Nuri tomb 16
King Irike-Amannote and Queen [Ata]samalo 431-405 BC)
Some researchers think that Irike-amanote may have helped the Egyptians revolt against the invading Persians in 414-13 and 404 BC. Son was King Harsiyotef.
Nuri tomb 12
Harsiyotef [Harsiotef] and Queen Batahaliye (404-369 BC)
Harsiotef’s inscription is especially interesting because it describes the holy site of Gebel Barkal as it was in his day. He speaks of covering temples partly with gold, of laying out gardens and cattle pens, and of rebuilding the old royal palace there, which, he says, had sixty rooms. Son was Nastasen.
Nuri tomb 13
King Akhratan (or Akh-Aritene) (350-335 BC)
Nuri tomb 14
King Nastasen and Queen Sakhmakh (335-315 BC)
In his early reign, a prince from Egypt named Khababash invaded Lower Nubia. Prince Khababash came with transport ships, people, and cattle. Nastasen’s army defeated the invaders, took their treasure, and dedicated it to the god Amun. Ancient text mentions several other battles against desert peoples. These were also victorious and resulted in the capture of large numbers of cattle, goats, and gold.
Nuri tomb 15
King Aktisanes (310-279 BC)
Jebel Barkal tomb 11
King Aryamani (?)
Jebel Barkal tomb 14
King Kash[...] (?)
Jebel Barkal tomb 15
Meroitic Period (275 BC - 350 AD) -- Meroe
King Arnekhamani and Queen (235–218 BC)
Meroe North tomb 53
King Arqamani (218-200 BC)
Meroe North tomb 53
Arqamani builds large pyramids at Meroe. Kalabsha Temple decorations was attributed to the Nubian Pharaoh Arqamani from the 3rd century BC. The building seems to have been finished by the Romans with reference to Caesar Augustus. The Nubian king moves the royal necropolis from Napata to Meroe, a site between the fifth and sixth cataracts. Meroe, already an important center during the Napatan Period, becomes the capital of the Nubian kingdom. Meroe's location at the convergence of a network of caravan roads with trade routes along the White and Blue Niles makes it East Africa's most important center of trade. The Nubians of the Meroitic Period manufacture richly decorated textiles, graceful decorated ceramic vessels, objects of bronze and iron, exceptionally fine gold and cloisonné jewelry, and other luxury items.
Kandake Shanakdakhete (170–150 BC)
Kandake means "great woman" in Meroitic language.
Meroe North tomb 11
King Tanyidamani (110-90 BC)
Meroe North tomb 20
King Amanikhabale and Queen Kaditede (50-40 BC)
Meroe North tomb 2
Romans control Egypt in 30 BC. Meroitic kingdom never became part of the Roman
empire – although the Romans tried to make it part.
King Teriteqas and Candace Amanirenas (40-10 BC)
Meroe North tomb 14
Candace Amanishakheto (10 BC-1 AD)
Meroe North tomb 6
King Natekamani and Candace Amanitore (12-20 AD)
Son Prince Arikankharer
Bible reference: Acts 8:26-40.
Meroe North tomb 22
King Shorkaror (20-30 AD)
Shorkaror was the third son of Natakamani and Amanitore and the only one to become king.
King Amanitenmenmide (50-62 AD)
Meroe North tomb 17
Queen Amantombikhatashan (62-85 AD)
She is so far only known from her tomb in Meroe.
Prince Takidamani (140-155 AD)
Meroe West tomb 18
King Teqerideamani II (246-266 AD)
King Yesbokheamani (283-306 AD)
Meroe North tomb 24
Queen Lahideamani (306-308 AD)
Meroe North tomb 26
King Maleqorobar (314-329 AD)
Unknown Queen (308-320 AD)
Meroe North tomb 25
Akedaketival (329-340 AD)
350 AD - The traditional theory is that the kingdom at Meroe is destroyed during an invasion by Ezana of the Ethiopian kingdom of Axum. However, the Ethiopian account seems to describe the quelling of a rebellion in lands they already control. It also refers only to the Nuba, and makes no mention of the rulers of Meroe. However, no details of rulers are known after this date, making their survival unlikely